Gray Box

1. Partial Knowledge: Testers have limited access to internal system details.

2. Combines Approaches: Blends aspects of black-box and white-box testing.

3. Focused Testing: Test cases are designed based on functional requirements and some understanding of internal workings.

4. Boundary Testing: Emphasizes testing near critical points or boundaries in the system's logic or data processing.

Before learning gray-box testing, it's helpful to have:

1. Understanding of Software Testing: Familiarity with software testing principles, methodologies, and techniques.

2. Basic Programming Knowledge: Understanding of programming concepts and structures to comprehend code snippets or logic flow.

3. Knowledge of Testing Tools: Familiarity with testing tools and frameworks commonly used in software testing.

4. Understanding of System Architecture: Basic understanding of system architecture and components to identify critical points for testing.

By learning gray-box testing, you gain:

1. Enhanced Testing Techniques: Ability to apply a combination of black-box and white-box testing techniques for comprehensive test coverage.

2. Improved Test Case Design: Skills in designing test cases based on partial knowledge of system internals and functional requirements.

3. Effective Boundary Testing: Capability to identify critical points and boundaries in the system's logic or data processing for thorough testing.

4. Integration Testing Proficiency: Expertise in testing interactions between different components or modules of a software system.